Zaharaddeen Ishaq Abubakar | Katsina Times
Muammar Muhammad Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi, tsohon shugaban Libya, ya shahara a matsayin jagora mai ƙwazo wanda ya sauya tsarin mulkin ƙasarsa, kafin daga bisani ya fuskanci juyin juya hali da ya kawo ƙarshen mulkinsa.
An haifi Gaddafi a ranar 7 ga Yuni, 1942, a garin Qasr Abu Hadi kusa da Sabha, a kudancin Libya. Ya taso cikin iyali masu kiwon dabbobi daga kabilar Bedouin, inda ya samu ilimi a makarantar soji ta Libya. A ranar 1 ga Satumba, 1969, Gaddafi tare da ƙungiyarsa ta sojoji suka hambarar da Sarki Idris I a juyin mulki mara zubar da jini, wanda ya ba shi damar zama shugaban Libya yana jagorantar Revolutionary Command Council (RCC).
Mulkin Gaddafi da Sauye-Sauyen Da Ya Kawo
Bayan hawa mulki, Gaddafi ya sauya tsarin Libya zuwa mulkin gurguzu mai ɗauke da ra'ayoyin Musulunci. Ya wallafa Littafin (Green Book), wanda ya ƙunshi tsarinsa na "dimokuraɗiyyar jama'a." Ya kafa manufofin da suka haɗa da:
Amfani da albarkatun man fetur don raya ƙasa, Samar da ilimi da kiwon lafiya kyauta, Gina ababen more rayuwa da inganta rayuwar al’umma.
Gaddafi ya kuma goyi bayan ra’ayin haɗin kan Afirka, inda ya taka rawa wajen kafa Tarayyar Afirka (AU) a shekarar 2001.
Takaddama da Kasashen Waje
A ƙarƙashin mulkinsa, Libya ta sha rikici da kasashen yamma, musamman Amurka da Birtaniya. A shekarun 1980s, Amurka ta kai farmaki a Libya bisa zargin Gaddafi da tallafawa ayyukan ta’addanci, ciki har da harin bam a jirgin Pan Am Flight 103 a Lockerbie, Scotland, a 1988. Duk da haka, daga bisani ya shiga tattaunawa da kasashen yamma, inda ya yarda ya dakatar da shirin makaman kare dangi.
A 2011, rikicin Arab Spring ya bazu zuwa Libya, inda aka fara zanga-zanga kan mulkin Gaddafi. Rikicin ya rikide zuwa yaƙin basasa tsakanin sojojin gwamnati da 'yan tawaye. Kungiyar NATO ta shiga tsakani, inda ta kai hare-hare kan sansanonin sojojin Gaddafi. A watan Oktoba 2011, 'yan tawaye suka kama Gaddafi a garin Sirte, daga bisani aka kashe shi a ranar 20 ga watan Oktoba, 2011.
Mulkin Gaddafi na tsawon shekaru 42 ya bar tarihi mai sarkakiya, tsakanin gina ƙasa da kuma fafutukar neman iko. Duk da cece-kuce kan shugabancinsa, ya kasance daya daga cikin shugabannin da suka fi tasiri a Afirka da siyasar duniya.
